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A brief explanation of "Surah Al-Hamd"
The Holy Prophet(s) told one of
his companions, Jaber Ibne
Abdullah Ansari, “Sura Al-Hamd
is the foundation of Qur’an and
it is shifaa (cure) for every
disease except death.
This sura encircles the three
stages of faith:
Firm conviction of faith
Affirmation by tongue
Performance by body limbs
The summary of Qur’an is faith
and deeds and both of them are
in Sura al-Hamd.
In one of the tradition, the
Holy Prophet(s) said that
reciting of sura Al-Hamd is
equivalent to the recitation of
two-third of Holy Qur’an. Allah
has exalted the Holy Prophet in
Sura Al-Hijr verse 87 which
says” (Muhammad), we have given
you the seven most repeated
(verses) and the Great Qur’an”.
It is reported that this sura
was revealed twice.
The Commander of the faithful,
Imam Ali (a.s.) narrated from
Holy Prophet(s) “Allah has shown
special favor to me by giving
this Sura and making it
equivalent to Holy Qur’an and it
is one of the noblest treasures
of “Arsh”.
Imam Jaffer al-Sadiq (a.s.) said
“Shaitan had cried four times.
First when he was thrown out on
refusing to prostrate
(respectable) to Adam, second
time when he was sent down to
earth, third time when the Holy
Prophet(s) was assigned prophet
hood and last time when Sura Al-Hamd
was revealed.
Sura al-Hamd can be divided in
to two parts; one part relates
to the praise of Allah and the
other part relates to the needs
and prayers of His servants.
This Sura is also called Sura-e-Fateha.
Fateha means“beginning”. This
also confirms that the Holy
Qur’an was already collected and
put in the present form during
the life time of the Holy
Prophet(s). Moreover, it is
otherwise confirmed by the
famous tradition of “Thaaqalain”
which means two heavy things
i.e. the Holy Qur’an and his
Pure Progeny.
Sura al-Hamd reads as follows:
Bismillah hir Rahmaan nir Raheem
AlHamdo lillahe Rabbil Aalameen.
Ar-Rahmaan nir Raheem. Malike
Youmeddin
Iyyaka nabudo wa Iyyaka Nastaeen.
Ehdinas Siraatal Mustaqeema,
Siraatal Lazeena
Anamta Alaihim Ghairil Maghzoobe
Alaihim Walazzalleen.
All praise belongs to Allah,
Lord of the Universe, the
Beneficent, the Merciful and
Master of the Day of Judgment.
(Lord), you alone do we worship
and from You
Alone do we seek assistance.
(Lord), guide us to the right
path, the path of those to
Whom You have granted blessings,
who are neither subject to
(Your) anger nor
Have gone astray.
When anyone praises any
creatures of Allah, whether a
living thing or non-living,
every praise is directly or
indirectly refers to Allah.
Nothing is praise-worthy except
Allah.
It is customary to start any
important work with a
respectable person hence it is
better to start the mission with
the Everlasting being which is
Allah. There is a tradition that
any work started without Allah’s
name is doomed to be a failure.
That is the reason that when the
first Revelation started, Allah
says in Sura al-Alaq verse 1
“(Muhammad), read in the name of
your Lord who created (all
things). Sura al-Hud verse 41
“(Noah) said, Embark in it. It
will sail in the name of Allah,
in His name it will sail and in
His name it will cast anchor….”
Sura al-Namal verse 30 “It
reads, ‘From Soloman: In the
name of Allah, the Beneficent
and the Merciful”. Hence every
sura of Holy Qur’an starts with
Bismillah so that the Divine
mission of guidance of humanity
is accomplished without any
loss. Only Sura al-Tauba does
not start with Bismillah because
it starts with a declaration of
war with the criminals of
Meccahence Allah’s names of
Rahmaan and Raheem is improper.
The name Allah includes his
other attributes.
The attribute of al-Rahman is
available to the humanity at
large whether Muslim or
non-Muslim but the attribute of
al-Raheem is especially for
pious and obedient faithful.
Allah repeatedly reminds His
servants that if they repent
sincerely for their sins then He
will forgive them as it is
mentioned in Sura al-Zumr verse
53 “(Muhammad), tell my servants
who have committed injustice to
themselves, do not despair of
the mercy of Allah. Allah
certainly forgives all sins. He
is All-forgiving and
All-merciful”
Rabb means the master or owner,
responsible for the sustenance
of His creation. Aalameen means
the universe. Hence “Rabb ul
Aalameen” means the Master who
manages the affairs of the
universe. It includes all of His
creation whether having life or
otherwise.
Malik is derived from al-milk
which means possession,
sovereign or king. In any
meaning it shows the total
control of affairs. “Youmeddin”
means the Day of Judgement. So
Allah is the controller of the
Day of Judgment. Day of Judgment
is the pivoting factor for all
individual and social deeds for
the betterment of human society.
It is said that on the Day of
Judgment the servants will be
questioned first about namaaz,
if namaaz is accepted then other
deeds will also be accepted.
That is why we should pray
namaaz punctually which in turn
will remind us of the Day of
Judgment preventing us from
committing sins. The literal
meaning of “Deen” is reward or
compensation and the purpose of
Day of Judgment is the reward
for good deeds and punishment
for the sins.
“Iyyaka Nabudo Wa Iyyaka
Nastaeen” means we only worship
You and seek assistance from You
only. When we ask for help,
Allah will cause to arrange for
our help as He is “Musabebul
Asbaab”
When we completely and
thoroughly understand the
foregoing verses that Allah is
Beneficent and Merciful, He is
the sustainer and the absolute
controller of the Day of
Judgment, then we become pure
servant of Allah released from
the clutches of wordly
distractions and solicit His
help and guidance.
“Ehdinas Siraatal Mustaqeem”: We
are praying Allah to guide us to
the Straight Path.
Straight Path is the path of
piety, justice and faith. It is
recommended to pray for the
continued guidance from Allah at
least ten times a day. Our
connection with Allah is like a
light bulb which gives light as
long as it is connected with the
power station. The moment this
connection is severed, we are in
the darkness.
Every person is at different
level of faith. Even the Holy
Prophet (s) used to pray “Rabbe
Zidni Ilma” meaning “O Allah,
increase my knowledge”. Allah
says in Holy Qur’an Sura al-Mariyam
verse 76 “Allah further
enlightens those who seek
guidance…..”. Imam Ali (a.s.)
says “ O Allah, continue the
favors You bestowed on us in the
past by which we submitted to
You so that we may continue to
pray”. Put it differently,
Straight Path is the path of
worship of Allah and following
His commandments.
Sura al-Anaam verse 161
“(Muhammad), tell them ‘My Lord
has guided me to the right path,
a well-established religion and
the upright tradition of
Abraham, who was not a pagan”.
Sura al-Yaseen verse 60, 61
“Children of Adam, Did We not
command you not to worship
Satan? He was your sworn enemy.
Did We not command you to
worship Me and tell you that
this is the Straight Path”. Imam
Jaffer al-Sadiq said “By God, we
are the Straight Path”
“Anamta Alaihim Ghairil
Maghzoobe Alaihim Wallazzalleen”:
Sura al-Nisa verse 69 “ One who
obeys Allah and the Messenger is
a friend of the Prophets,
saints, martyrs, and the
righteous ones to whom Allah has
granted His favors.”
Sura al-Nahal verse 106 “No one
verbally denounces his faith in
Allah-unless he is forced-while
his heart is confident about his
faith. But those whose breasts
have become open to disbelief
will be subject to the wrath of
Allah and will suffer a great
torment” |
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